The Soviet Union was determined to have a buffer zone between its borders and Western Europe. Tensions were apparent in July during the Potsdam Conference, where the victorious Allies negotiated the joint occupation of Germany. But the alliance began to crumble as soon as the war in Europe ended in May 1945. The Soviet Union and the United States had fought as allies against Nazi Germany during World War II.
But the two superpowers continually antagonized each other through political maneuvering, military coalitions, espionage, propaganda, arms buildups, economic aid, and proxy wars between other nations. Soldiers of the Soviet Union and the United States did not do battle directly during the Cold War.
Kennedy Presidential Library and MuseumĪfter World War II, the United States and its allies, and the Soviet Union and its satellite states began a decades-long struggle for supremacy known as the Cold War.
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